45,651 matches
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structure, claims, needs, previous successes; Q & A session 15:30-17.00 Quantic working space evaluation of IDEE workshop, future action plâns Saturday, the 16th of May</b> xxx 10.30-14.00 Bucharest city centre historical-political tour on hidden histories of social struggles and resistance xxx 16:00-22.00 street festival în Moșilor quarter you are welcome to propose activities for street-fun, for kids, teens or adults Activities marked with “xxx” still need the final confirmations and could be reprogrammed at
(English) International workshop IDEE – Ideas, Debate, Exchange, Education. Bucharest, 9-16 of May () [Corola-website/Science/295856_a_297185]
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At the same time deportations started from those regions to Transnistria. În more than 170 places, work camps and Ghettos were established for Jews and Romă. After the first deportations of Jews, în 1942 Romanian authorities started with the deportation of Romă, under the personal order of Marshall Ion Antonescu.[1] „Pe noi ne-a urmărit înainte cu un an de zile, în ’41, să ne ducă în Rusia.” (Mihai Istrate, deported aș nomad Romă, deceased) “Așa a dat ordin
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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from those regions to Transnistria. În more than 170 places, work camps and Ghettos were established for Jews and Romă. After the first deportations of Jews, în 1942 Romanian authorities started with the deportation of Romă, under the personal order of Marshall Ion Antonescu.[1] „Pe noi ne-a urmărit înainte cu un an de zile, în ’41, să ne ducă în Rusia.” (Mihai Istrate, deported aș nomad Romă, deceased) “Așa a dat ordin Antonescu să strângă toată nația țigăneasca
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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freight trains. The final destinations în Transnistria were reached în December: often (partially) evacuated villages, where 25-40 people were crammed în one house, with no beds, doors or windows. Imprisoned în the houses, without food or heating, most people died of hunger, typhos or shot while trying to escape. „Nu făceam nimic, că nu aveam ce să facem. Stăm băgați în casă, ca daca ieșeam afară ne omorau rușii, ne împușcau.” (Marcel Dumitru) „Eram mititica, eram cu mama, 10 ani
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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furca în ea și s-au dus cu ea la groapa. Și bunicul, și mama, și unchiul, și sora...trei frați am avut și toți au murit acolo.” (Maria Manole) Many deportees died because of starvation, typhus or acts of violence from 1942 till 1944; their exact number is not known. From the 25.000 deported Romă around 14.000 survived and 11.000 died.[ 2] În addition to facilitating their starvation and freezing to death, acts of direct cruelty
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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or acts of violence from 1942 till 1944; their exact number is not known. From the 25.000 deported Romă around 14.000 survived and 11.000 died.[ 2] În addition to facilitating their starvation and freezing to death, acts of direct cruelty and violence towards the Romă were common among the military and the police (jandarmi): „Trei ani de zile nu puteam să ieșim din lagăr. Eram închiși. N-aveam cum să ieșim. Dacă noi plecăm, ieșeam din lagăr
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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and loss until know. The project “Helping Romă Survivors of Deportations to Transnistria” from the Community Resource Centre Association and its partners tries to identify Romă survivors to inform and support them to get compensation and to establish a database of Romă survivor interviews for scientific and educațional work. Petre Matei, project manager, mentioned în his talk at the workshop “Naționalism, fascism and the Holocaust în Romanian History - a critical approach” the work of the project is also a “way to
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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for radio, TV and telephone, free resting place etc. There exists two ways to receive the compensation: the survivors have to prove that they were deported with archive documents or affidavit. The affidavit must come from other survivors în front of a notary. For a lot of Romă survivors it is not easy to prove their status aș deportees. Some of them do not know about this law, some are old and sick, and some illiterate, others live far away from
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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some illiterate, others live far away from the cities and archives. The project informs the survivors and offers assistance to get în contact with the archives. But the archive work and the discovery of the documents are facing a lot of problems. În his archive work, Petre Matei found that în 1942 the police didn’ț registered all the deportees but rather just the father’s name and than only the number of family members; at the same time only the
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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discovery of the documents are facing a lot of problems. În his archive work, Petre Matei found that în 1942 the police didn’ț registered all the deportees but rather just the father’s name and than only the number of family members; at the same time only the mother’s name was mentioned în birth certificates of a lot of Romă survivors. Moreover, some archives lack organized inventories of significant documents such aș those produced by the authorities when deporting
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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that în 1942 the police didn’ț registered all the deportees but rather just the father’s name and than only the number of family members; at the same time only the mother’s name was mentioned în birth certificates of a lot of Romă survivors. Moreover, some archives lack organized inventories of significant documents such aș those produced by the authorities when deporting the Romă; a reason for this could be the lack of interest of the authorities to make
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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name was mentioned în birth certificates of a lot of Romă survivors. Moreover, some archives lack organized inventories of significant documents such aș those produced by the authorities when deporting the Romă; a reason for this could be the lack of interest of the authorities to make such sources accessible. În those cases, the project team tries to help the archives deal with the problems, în order to identify the needed documents. But aș nowadays anti-Roma attitudes are anchored deep în
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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în the society, and thus among lawyers and civil servants, the work becomes even more difficult. În the last months Petre Matei and his team interviewed more than 100 survivors, collected pictures and archive documents and worked on the creation of a database; the team hopes that the database will be used for research aș well aș educațional projects to contribute to a better understanding of Romă and their history, and also to decrease intolerance towards Romă. The historian Petre Matei
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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interviewed more than 100 survivors, collected pictures and archive documents and worked on the creation of a database; the team hopes that the database will be used for research aș well aș educațional projects to contribute to a better understanding of Romă and their history, and also to decrease intolerance towards Romă. The historian Petre Matei was the scientific advisor of the film “Valley of Sighs” produced by Mihai Andrei Leaha, who also volunteers în the project “Helping Romă Survivors of
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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tell their story. Were there criteria according to which you choose the interview partner? What did you ask them? The only criterion was to get people of the two different specific communities - the nomads and the sedentary people. The order of Antonescu was that all nomads hâd to be deported and from the sedentary only those who hâd a criminal record. But there were exceptions from that rule. Many were taken, also if they hâd a home and no criminal record
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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these people were killed and buried back then and în our days you just find nothing. It’s like history hâș left no traces at all. And this is the problem în România these days; it is an un-assumed chapter of history. It is like history can go away and we do not learn anything from it and now everything is beautiful again. We were playing with this absence of the present and the presence of the absence. The image refers
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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history can go away and we do not learn anything from it and now everything is beautiful again. We were playing with this absence of the present and the presence of the absence. The image refers back to a moment of time, when you hâd the present person standing but that was back then, șo this is why I think this poetics of the image of the present and the absence going both ways is really relevant. În the film you
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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and produced by me and Triba Film. It is a continuation of Valley of Sighs but this time a film about what happens today with the survivors of the Romă Holocaust. It will be a film about the whole process of compensations. Petre Matei, our historical scientific advisor for the Valley of Sighs is working on a project made by the Center for Community Resources (CRC) în which he tries to help the victims of the Holocaust to get their monthly
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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of this discourse you can get. But the fact is that the gap between official statements and the reality started at that point. Basically we will be exploring at one point the gap between this specific event and how all of this works - with the pensions and the instituțional state that are kind of again not working very well. You have this racist notary and the society still is very racist în many ways. There are still many more stories to
„Fie zi, fie noapte, afară tot întuneric era. Asta era Transnistria, unde-am trăit iadul pe pamânt.” Deportarea romilor în Transnistria () [Corola-website/Science/295835_a_297164]
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city after nursing school, but Ploiești hâd been declared a closed city. However, that year the government issued an ordinance which said that those who have been assigned to work în a certain city could become citizens of that city of they contracted housing thorough OCLPP... The Department for the Construction of Private Homes, set up în 1966... Yes, that’s right. Șo you contracted the place according to some plâns, and then you waited. They weren’ț ready immediately, but
„[C.E.C.] nu aveau voie să-mi rețină mai mult de o treime din salariu, pentru că atunci se considera că trebuie să mai și trăiesc din banii ăia” () [Corola-website/Science/296006_a_297335]
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two-bedroom, a three-bedroom or more. Depending on the size and the area - because the suburbs were being extended at the time, towards the north and south of the city. Șo I applied for an apartment... This was at the beginning of nursing school? No, this was în 1976. Before that I paid rent. Yes, I applied for it after the earthquake of 1977. În 77 or 78. What were the conditions when you were paying rent? I was living with someone
„[C.E.C.] nu aveau voie să-mi rețină mai mult de o treime din salariu, pentru că atunci se considera că trebuie să mai și trăiesc din banii ăia” () [Corola-website/Science/296006_a_297335]
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towards the north and south of the city. Șo I applied for an apartment... This was at the beginning of nursing school? No, this was în 1976. Before that I paid rent. Yes, I applied for it after the earthquake of 1977. În 77 or 78. What were the conditions when you were paying rent? I was living with someone who hâd a two-bedroom flat, close to the county hospital, în the northern part of the city. I hâd a furnished
„[C.E.C.] nu aveau voie să-mi rețină mai mult de o treime din salariu, pentru că atunci se considera că trebuie să mai și trăiesc din banii ăia” () [Corola-website/Science/296006_a_297335]
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no place to stay. Șo I went to the head-engineer or architect or whatever he was and he showed me other construction plâns and their deadlines. And this one în the southern part was more convenient, șo at the beginning of 1979, they gave me the key and we moved în. Afterwards, there were several adjustments made. There was the first reception, and then a second one shortly after that. There were minor flaws, aș you have with living together în
„[C.E.C.] nu aveau voie să-mi rețină mai mult de o treime din salariu, pentru că atunci se considera că trebuie să mai și trăiesc din banii ăia” () [Corola-website/Science/296006_a_297335]
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of the apartment. The inițial evaluation was 134.000 lei. The one I contracted was about 10.000 lei cheaper, because it only hâd a balcony across the living room and the kitchen, not all the way across. The amount of space was the same. I didn’ț have enough for the down payment, șo I took ouț a small interest loan at CEC, the state bank. The interest was only 1%, I think. I took ouț 20.000 lei, short-term
„[C.E.C.] nu aveau voie să-mi rețină mai mult de o treime din salariu, pentru că atunci se considera că trebuie să mai și trăiesc din banii ăia” () [Corola-website/Science/296006_a_297335]
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years, I think. That was în 1980-1981? No, no, that was before I moved în. I made the down payment, 62.000, calculated according to my salary and social status (I was single at the time). What did that amount of money mean? Considering my salary, 1200 lei, think about it. It was a lot. But I paid it, I hâd to. În early 1979 I said I would move în and they started retaining the long-term installments, meaning the rest
„[C.E.C.] nu aveau voie să-mi rețină mai mult de o treime din salariu, pentru că atunci se considera că trebuie să mai și trăiesc din banii ăia” () [Corola-website/Science/296006_a_297335]