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and non-state actors to become responsible, with the aid of the ethical and environmental model of political governance and commercial action at all levels. From this perspective, "good global governance" will mean the accurate fulfilment of a new global set of mandatory rules and regulations, regarding the environmental protection, for the benefit of future generations, by the state actors (the role of a state actor în the XXIst century is different and encompasses more responsibilities towards nature, aș compared to the
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the XXIst century is different and encompasses more responsibilities towards nature, aș compared to the classic role of the westphalian state until the present) and by the non-state actors. "Eco-development" and "Sustainable Development" în the Global Society The new set of global environmental regulations to be developed în the XXIst century, based on the ecologist and ethical model of global society (post-consumerism, society recycling waste products, redoing the degraded environment and preventing the environmental pollution 16) originates în a set of
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the westphalian state until the present) and by the non-state actors. "Eco-development" and "Sustainable Development" în the Global Society The new set of global environmental regulations to be developed în the XXIst century, based on the ecologist and ethical model of global society (post-consumerism, society recycling waste products, redoing the degraded environment and preventing the environmental pollution 16) originates în a set of already existing documents (book, conventions, declarations of the states, which do not include the non- state actors such
Polis () [Corola-journal/Science/84981_a_85766]
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of global environmental regulations to be developed în the XXIst century, based on the ecologist and ethical model of global society (post-consumerism, society recycling waste products, redoing the degraded environment and preventing the environmental pollution 16) originates în a set of already existing documents (book, conventions, declarations of the states, which do not include the non- state actors such aș național and transnațional corporations, global mass media, transnațional religious cults - such aș the Catholic Church, the Orthodox Church, the Islam or
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the states, which do not include the non- state actors such aș național and transnațional corporations, global mass media, transnațional religious cults - such aș the Catholic Church, the Orthodox Church, the Islam or the informal forums held regularly, regarding affairs of global interest)17. The concept of "eco-development" was used on the first UN conference (Stockholm, 1972) on the environment, being proposed by a group of experts (called the Founex Group), to settle the tension în the countries from the South
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the non- state actors such aș național and transnațional corporations, global mass media, transnațional religious cults - such aș the Catholic Church, the Orthodox Church, the Islam or the informal forums held regularly, regarding affairs of global interest)17. The concept of "eco-development" was used on the first UN conference (Stockholm, 1972) on the environment, being proposed by a group of experts (called the Founex Group), to settle the tension în the countries from the South, which were suspicious of the proposal
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the countries from the South, which were suspicious of the proposal for a new ideology, beneficial for the industrialized North, using the ecosystem preservation aș a pretext to refuse them the right to development 18. În this context, the concept of "eco- development" was proposed specifically to convince the countries în the South on the compatibility between the environmental protection and their right to economic development, with the ecosystem protection becoming a dimension of economic development. Although the concept was seriously
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of the doctrine noted that this is a restrictive concept în relation to the eco-development (which proposes an environmental policy broader than the mere preservation of nature)20. Only în 1992, at the UN Conference în Rio, was the concept of "sustainable development" introduced, aș a re-analysis of the relation between development and the environment. Again, the doctrine considered that, în relation to the comprehensive phrase "eco-development", the concept of "sustainable development" does not bring any real innovation, creating instead "the
Polis () [Corola-journal/Science/84981_a_85766]
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în 1992, at the UN Conference în Rio, was the concept of "sustainable development" introduced, aș a re-analysis of the relation between development and the environment. Again, the doctrine considered that, în relation to the comprehensive phrase "eco-development", the concept of "sustainable development" does not bring any real innovation, creating instead "the necessity to integrate the natural capital în its reflection on the welfare"21. We consider that, at the beginning of the XXIst century, it is necessary to bring back
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integrate the natural capital în its reflection on the welfare"21. We consider that, at the beginning of the XXIst century, it is necessary to bring back on the table the discussion about the global agenda of the complex concept of "eco-development", în which the complex dimension of "environmental policy" (including the three pillars of sustainable development - economic, social and environmental) are harmonized with the peoples' right to development (a solidarity right, however, which must also be regarded aș a collective
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on the welfare"21. We consider that, at the beginning of the XXIst century, it is necessary to bring back on the table the discussion about the global agenda of the complex concept of "eco-development", în which the complex dimension of "environmental policy" (including the three pillars of sustainable development - economic, social and environmental) are harmonized with the peoples' right to development (a solidarity right, however, which must also be regarded aș a collective right, interconnected to the right of the
Polis () [Corola-journal/Science/84981_a_85766]
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at the beginning of the XXIst century, it is necessary to bring back on the table the discussion about the global agenda of the complex concept of "eco-development", în which the complex dimension of "environmental policy" (including the three pillars of sustainable development - economic, social and environmental) are harmonized with the peoples' right to development (a solidarity right, however, which must also be regarded aș a collective right, interconnected to the right of the peoples to a healthy and clean environment
Polis () [Corola-journal/Science/84981_a_85766]
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development (a solidarity right, however, which must also be regarded aș a collective right, interconnected to the right of the peoples to a healthy and clean environment 22 and not aș a right isolated from other solidarity rights). The concept of "eco-development" hâș not exhausted its senses and legal applications, at the level of inter-național law, aș it hâd to be rediscovered by the jurists of the XXIst century and used aș a basis for a global environmental law and for
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consider he/she interacts, does not consider to be directly connected. This phrase only reveals a schizoid attitude, born when the developed capitalist societies were formed (and, from other perspectives, originating from the very first societies based on the worship of war male deities 23 or în the medieval or imperialist societies, în full process of conquering their colonial empires, but also în small, peripheral societies, which hâd to defend from the large imperial predators, general approach to nature, which hâș
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by an artificial, urban habitat, made of concrete and cement), în which nature is "the great wilderness", yet to be urbanized and tamed, surrounding the human metropolises" (conception born from the deep interpretation of the phrase). There is a multitude of definitions of the phrase "environment", preferred în the legal doctrine, instead of the more comprehensive one phrase "nature" (which does not have the funcționalist, desacralized, consumerist connotation, specific to the secular, industrialized societies, of "environment", which suggests reducing nature to
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aș the Convention on the civil liability for damages caused by activities hazardous for the environment, under the aegis of the Council of Europe, în Lugano, open for signing on June 21st 1993. Here, the environment is defined aș formed of "living and non-living natural resources, such aș air, water, soil, subsoil, floră and fauna, aș well aș the interactions among these factors, the goods forming the cultural legacy and aspects characterizing the landscape"26 (where nature is reduced to the
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to resources to exploit, living or non-living, to cultural goods or all of the above, together). A comprehensive definition, în which the human being is no longer considered a being with unlimited, absolute property rights - în the sense of lack of related responsibilities - over nature; instead, the human being is a being în close and permanent relation with nature, from which the human being cannot withdraw without threatening his/her very existence and civilization, is also de definition given by the
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considered that the human being is part of nature (which is "a mere framework for the human being"), with a distinction between "a natural environment" and a "perception environment" (or cultural, arti- ficial environment). Thus, the environment represents the "set of elements which, în the complexity of their relations, represent the framework, environment and conditions for the human lives, aș existing or aș perceived"27. A global comprehensive definition (but which does not get rid of the mainly funcționalist notes) is
Polis () [Corola-journal/Science/84981_a_85766]
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part of nature (which is "a mere framework for the human being"), with a distinction between "a natural environment" and a "perception environment" (or cultural, arti- ficial environment). Thus, the environment represents the "set of elements which, în the complexity of their relations, represent the framework, environment and conditions for the human lives, aș existing or aș perceived"27. A global comprehensive definition (but which does not get rid of the mainly funcționalist notes) is the one given by the Romanian
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of the human activity, în the human being-nature relation, on the same planet, Earth, relation which constantly evolves and adds new meanings"30. Concerning the occurrence and development în the XXIst century of an authentic environmental law (or, better said, of a "nature's" law), we must start from the broad view în the doctrine of the environmental law which, although a distinct branch of law, infuses with its concepts and principles several other branches of law (internațional law, land registration
Polis () [Corola-journal/Science/84981_a_85766]
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the occurrence and development în the XXIst century of an authentic environmental law (or, better said, of a "nature's" law), we must start from the broad view în the doctrine of the environmental law which, although a distinct branch of law, infuses with its concepts and principles several other branches of law (internațional law, land registration law, administrative law, business law, European community law, peace law etc.), creating a multitude of interconnections among them31. Moreover, the doctrine noted the horizontal
Polis () [Corola-journal/Science/84981_a_85766]
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environmental law (or, better said, of a "nature's" law), we must start from the broad view în the doctrine of the environmental law which, although a distinct branch of law, infuses with its concepts and principles several other branches of law (internațional law, land registration law, administrative law, business law, European community law, peace law etc.), creating a multitude of interconnections among them31. Moreover, the doctrine noted the horizontal character of this law (covering various sectors of law, such aș
Polis () [Corola-journal/Science/84981_a_85766]
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of the environmental law which, although a distinct branch of law, infuses with its concepts and principles several other branches of law (internațional law, land registration law, administrative law, business law, European community law, peace law etc.), creating a multitude of interconnections among them31. Moreover, the doctrine noted the horizontal character of this law (covering various sectors of law, such aș the public and private sector), aș well aș its interactive nature, aș it tends to influence all the law branches
Polis () [Corola-journal/Science/84981_a_85766]
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infuses with its concepts and principles several other branches of law (internațional law, land registration law, administrative law, business law, European community law, peace law etc.), creating a multitude of interconnections among them31. Moreover, the doctrine noted the horizontal character of this law (covering various sectors of law, such aș the public and private sector), aș well aș its interactive nature, aș it tends to influence all the law branches, în order to introduce the term "environment". În addition, the doctrine
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structurally systemic unity", derived from "Earth's environmental uniqueness and indivisibility", between the național and internațional dimension of environmental law32. Thus, through its content and the nature of the terrestrial ecosystem, the environmental law exceeds the strict westphalian conception, that of a world divided into states with sovereign territories. Terms such aș "progress" or "poverty", "North- South divide" reflect în fact the global view on environment 33, with predominantly negative influences from the activities of the industrial and consumption societies, which
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