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years. The conclusions commented here are part of research conducted by CSCI, the analysis center of our Foundation, and can be publicly verified - including databases on our website, www.infopolitic.ro. The recommendations also come from a large collective experience of a team (the Multimedia Foundation) which hâș been active în the political and social analysis field during the past 20 years. Where did we start? The first steps of democratic participation... The political class that gained access to power after
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infopolitic.ro. The recommendations also come from a large collective experience of a team (the Multimedia Foundation) which hâș been active în the political and social analysis field during the past 20 years. Where did we start? The first steps of democratic participation... The political class that gained access to power after the 1989 Revolution hâș been challenged since its appearance by a core group of protesters, minor în terms of numbers, but loud and very visible, which from the beginning
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social analysis field during the past 20 years. Where did we start? The first steps of democratic participation... The political class that gained access to power after the 1989 Revolution hâș been challenged since its appearance by a core group of protesters, minor în terms of numbers, but loud and very visible, which from the beginning assumed an anticommunist vocation reclaimed either from the historical parties reborn after decades of prohibition, or from younger generations who feel they have not been
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Revolution hâș been challenged since its appearance by a core group of protesters, minor în terms of numbers, but loud and very visible, which from the beginning assumed an anticommunist vocation reclaimed either from the historical parties reborn after decades of prohibition, or from younger generations who feel they have not been contaminated by the Soviet ideology 1. Meanwhile, the political opposition that was then born also hâd its challengers, more consistent în terms of numbers, who discovered links with the
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the political opposition that was then born also hâd its challengers, more consistent în terms of numbers, who discovered links with the Legionary Movement, the Hungarian irredentism or the internațional occult, and identified its main goal aș the territorial division of România. Legionnaires versus Communists, traitors versus traitors, fellows versus comrades - the first moments of the new România were marked by an imagological fight above all else. The explosive development of media 2, consumed în huge quantities by the new "free
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occult, and identified its main goal aș the territorial division of România. Legionnaires versus Communists, traitors versus traitors, fellows versus comrades - the first moments of the new România were marked by an imagological fight above all else. The explosive development of media 2, consumed în huge quantities by the new "free" citizen, and right to attack your political leader were the ingredients that hampered the new rulers mission the most. The undeniable reality is that many of those who took government
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else. The explosive development of media 2, consumed în huge quantities by the new "free" citizen, and right to attack your political leader were the ingredients that hampered the new rulers mission the most. The undeniable reality is that many of those who took government seats at the beginning of democracy knew how politics worked from the time of the Central Committee; they also knew what buttons to push, which reports to read and what were the uses of the different
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huge quantities by the new "free" citizen, and right to attack your political leader were the ingredients that hampered the new rulers mission the most. The undeniable reality is that many of those who took government seats at the beginning of democracy knew how politics worked from the time of the Central Committee; they also knew what buttons to push, which reports to read and what were the uses of the different colored phones left în the offices. But none of
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the uses of the different colored phones left în the offices. But none of them knew how is it to be insulted by a columnist that you can't "touch" or how it feels like to be booed by thousands of people gathered outside the ministry, knowing that there is no way to disperse the crowd. Aș always în history, the system which faces a new challenge, after a usually unsuccessful try to annihilate it, ends up embracing it and using
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opposite propagandă. With the establishment of an alternation în government and when all parties have been both în power and în opposition, the permanent clash of public image becomes the key to the entire domestic political construct. În numerous memoirs of politicians who have taken part în Governments we can identify the obsession with the media, a sometimes excessive concern about how journalists reflect their actions 3. Furthermore, the analysis of both the performance of the political actor and his opportunities
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the analysis of both the performance of the political actor and his opportunities ends up being, at one point, focused solely on media perception. Citizen participation în political life is often reduced only to the consumption of media, the crystallization of a point of view based on a received message and then converting it în an electoral option expressed at first în the polls and then at the voting booth. But there are several ways to participate which must exist în
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at the voting booth. But there are several ways to participate which must exist în order to support a genuine civic culture, one that contributes to the strengthening of democratic values and institutions. Except that, aș discussed below, other types of non-electoral participation can only be observed sporadically, aș exceptions. The rule în post-89 România is non-participation (aș în the past, such features have an extremely high rate of inerția). The emergence of Facebook and social networks (the technological revolution of
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institutions. Except that, aș discussed below, other types of non-electoral participation can only be observed sporadically, aș exceptions. The rule în post-89 România is non-participation (aș în the past, such features have an extremely high rate of inerția). The emergence of Facebook and social networks (the technological revolution of the last decade) în which the carrier of information is no longer directly the media, but the subjective media consumer (including the possibility to participate directly în the construction of the message
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aș exceptions. The rule în post-89 România is non-participation (aș în the past, such features have an extremely high rate of inerția). The emergence of Facebook and social networks (the technological revolution of the last decade) în which the carrier of information is no longer directly the media, but the subjective media consumer (including the possibility to participate directly în the construction of the message and to interact directly), but also of other components of online communication complement the panoramă of
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last decade) în which the carrier of information is no longer directly the media, but the subjective media consumer (including the possibility to participate directly în the construction of the message and to interact directly), but also of other components of online communication complement the panoramă of the phenomenon. The perpetual unrest în the Romanian public space generates the false impression of an important civic participation, but the study conducted by the Multimedia Foundation shows the opposite - the național profile is
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possibility to participate directly în the construction of the message and to interact directly), but also of other components of online communication complement the panoramă of the phenomenon. The perpetual unrest în the Romanian public space generates the false impression of an important civic participation, but the study conducted by the Multimedia Foundation shows the opposite - the național profile is rather one of non-participation. Romanians are the type of people that show very little civic, community and political involvement. 8 years
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the social and the political and there is a perpetual confused pattern: new generations do not get involved even though they say they want to participate, because there are no mechanisms to support this intention. What are the four types of participation în România? An important civic culture, aș assessed by classics authors , is defined aș an attribute of a community and implies a high level of citizen involvement în the life of the city. Such a civic culture implies several
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even though they say they want to participate, because there are no mechanisms to support this intention. What are the four types of participation în România? An important civic culture, aș assessed by classics authors , is defined aș an attribute of a community and implies a high level of citizen involvement în the life of the city. Such a civic culture implies several conditions: - a consensus on the legitimacy of political institutions; - high tolerance towards political pluralism and seeking peaceful resolutions
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a community and implies a high level of citizen involvement în the life of the city. Such a civic culture implies several conditions: - a consensus on the legitimacy of political institutions; - high tolerance towards political pluralism and seeking peaceful resolutions of conflicts; - a high sense of political competence (knowledge of the mechanisms and actors involved în policy decisions); - and mutual trust between citizens and institutions and collaboration within the community. These conditions are necessary, în addition to the economic development of
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of conflicts; - a high sense of political competence (knowledge of the mechanisms and actors involved în policy decisions); - and mutual trust between citizens and institutions and collaboration within the community. These conditions are necessary, în addition to the economic development of a community. A democratic system is supported not only by a strengthening economy, but above all by an increased civic participation. For România, the accession to European and Euro-Atlantic institutions based on democratic values is not a sufficient condition for
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culture - it is a prerequisite, such aș another useful condition related to economic development. But for a naturalization of democratic values an increased civic participation is required. În sociological research coordinated by the Infopoliticteam (2011-2013), we defined four different types of participation în public life, according to two criteria - on the one hand, the distinction between political and non-political participation; on the other hand, we evaluated the intensity of participation. After applying these criteria, the result was 4 different types of
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of participation în public life, according to two criteria - on the one hand, the distinction between political and non-political participation; on the other hand, we evaluated the intensity of participation. After applying these criteria, the result was 4 different types of participation: - Civic participation - formal or informal collaboration within communities based on interests rather than territory (like civic, cultural, environmental, sporting, professional associations etc.). A person with a high level of civic participation trusts other people, hâș secondary groups to call
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formal or informal collaboration within communities based on interests rather than territory (like civic, cultural, environmental, sporting, professional associations etc.). A person with a high level of civic participation trusts other people, hâș secondary groups to call on în case of need (friends, colleagues), is tolerant of other cultures, religions or ethnicities, appreciates NGOs and participates/ wants to participate în civic activities. - Community participation - formal or informal collaboration between members of rather closed local, religious or employment communities (like religious, community
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ethnicities, appreciates NGOs and participates/ wants to participate în civic activities. - Community participation - formal or informal collaboration between members of rather closed local, religious or employment communities (like religious, community associations, cooperatives, unions etc.). A person with a high degree of community participation trusts people, is prone to involvement în the community, is caring and helps relatives or neighbors, often discussed local projects with friends, is willing to get involved în local activities. - Electoral participation - it is easy to understand (it
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to get involved în local activities. - Electoral participation - it is easy to understand (it refers not only to turnout, but also to participation în elections by running for office or involvement în the campaign). A person with a high degree of electoral participation hâș confidence în the electoral process, is knowledgeable about candidates and programs, knows the rules of the process, hâș a clear political opinion and is an active participant în elections, which he considers useful to society. - Political participation
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