23,568 matches
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patterns of amity or enmity among the Eastern Partnership countries. EaP countries, on the one hand, don't share any common culture (even if they were members of Soviet Union, their identity and culture remained intact) or regional cooperation and on the other hand, the Eastern Partnership countries have not been affected by long-standing enmities. Inside Eastern Partnership a form of enmity we can notice between Armenia and Azerbaijan related with the frozen conflict în Nagorno Karabah or Moldova and Ukraine
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same boundary, being neighbours, they share the geopolitical aspiration to annex Nagorno Karabach territory. The anarchic structure variable is also present because the regional security complex is formed by two autonomous units: Azerbaijan and Armenia. The social construction is based on historical enmity between these two countries since the war of 1990. Moreover, we can observe the involvement of other big powers such Russia, EU and UȘA în the peaceful resolution of this frozen conflict. Moldova and Ukraine form also a
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observe the involvement of other big powers such Russia, EU and UȘA în the peaceful resolution of this frozen conflict. Moldova and Ukraine form also a regional security complex because of Transnistrian conflict. This regional security complex is also based on enmity. Kiev is directly involved în resolving the Transnistria conflict and Chișinău perceive this involvement aș threat. Moldovan officials consider that Ukraine is reluctant to solve this conflict în benefit of Moldova's territorial integrity. On the other hand, Ukraine
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complex is also based on enmity. Kiev is directly involved în resolving the Transnistria conflict and Chișinău perceive this involvement aș threat. Moldovan officials consider that Ukraine is reluctant to solve this conflict în benefit of Moldova's territorial integrity. On the other hand, Ukraine perceives a historical problem with Moldova regarding the demarcation of the state border and a number of property issues, ranging from resorts to a hydroelectric station. Applying those four variables, we will see that these two
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hâș borders with România and Ukraine only. The border between Moldova and România passes along the Prut River, which forms a natural geographic barrier, the border between Moldova and Ukraine was drawn în a manifestly arbitrary (4 November 1940), based on political criteria obscure established în Moscow. Currently, Transnistria (the left Dniester territory under the control of the self-proclaimed "Transnistrian Moldovan Republic"), is a narrow strip of land between the territory of Ukraine and the rest of Moldova. Moldovan-Ukrainian border is
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center sector, 442 km, not controlled by the government în Chișinău 45. Regarding anarchic structure it is obvious that the security complex is formed by two countries and a separatist territory, by nobody recognized - Transnistria. Social construction is based more on a historical enmity. The territory of the left bank of the Nistru hâș been part of Ukraine Soviet far into 1940, when the constitution was proclaimed Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic în the USSR. Although Transnistria does not identify with the
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region. Note 1 Irina Kuznecova, Diana Potjomkina, Martins Vargulis, From the Vilnius Summit to Riga Summit: Challenging and Opportunities of the Eastern Partnership, Latvian Institute for Internațional Affairs, 2013 http://www.liia.lv/site/docs/EaP publication.pdf, p.4 (accessed on 12.03.2015). 2 Karel Kaas, "The Eastern Partnership and Estonia: Policy Recommendations" în Security Arhitecture în the EU Eastern Neighborhood: Challenges and Realities,Pro Marshall Center of the Republic of Moldova, Cuvantul - ABC, Chișinău, 2011, p. 10. 3 George
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Eastern Neighborhood: Challenges and Realities,Pro Marshall Center of the Republic of Moldova, Cuvantul - ABC, Chișinău, 2011, p. 10. 3 George Friedman, The Russo-Georgian war and balance of power, STRATFOR Global Intelligence https://www.stratfor.com/weekly/russo georgian war and balance power, 2008 (accessed on 12.03.2015.) 4 Karel Kaas, op. cît., p. 13. 5 Implementation of the Eastern Partnership: Report the meeting of Foreign Affairs Ministers, December 13, 2010 , http://www.eeas.europa.eu/eastern/docs/eap meeting foreign affairs 131210 en.pdf (accesat la 13.04.2015
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p. 13. 5 Implementation of the Eastern Partnership: Report the meeting of Foreign Affairs Ministers, December 13, 2010 , http://www.eeas.europa.eu/eastern/docs/eap meeting foreign affairs 131210 en.pdf (accesat la 13.04.2015) 6 Bogdano Depo, The Eastern Partnership two years on: Success or failure for the diversified ENP?, Civil Society Forum, 2011, p.3 http://eap-csf.eu/en/news-events/articles-analytics/the-eastern-partnership-two-years-on-success-or-failure-for-the-diversified-enp/ (accessed on 12.04.2015) 7 Bogdan Depo, ibid. 8 Barry Buzan, Ole Waiver, Regions and Powers: The Structure of
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eu/eastern/docs/eap meeting foreign affairs 131210 en.pdf (accesat la 13.04.2015) 6 Bogdano Depo, The Eastern Partnership two years on: Success or failure for the diversified ENP?, Civil Society Forum, 2011, p.3 http://eap-csf.eu/en/news-events/articles-analytics/the-eastern-partnership-two-years-on-success-or-failure-for-the-diversified-enp/ (accessed on 12.04.2015) 7 Bogdan Depo, ibid. 8 Barry Buzan, Ole Waiver, Regions and Powers: The Structure of Internațional Security, Cambridge, 2013, p. 4. 9 Barry Buzan, Ole Waiver, ibid. 10 Barry Buzan, Ole Waever, and Jaap de Wilde, Security
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Belarus: The Present Conditions, Status Quo and Perspectives, Polish Institute of Internațional Affairs, Warsaw, 2006, pp. 15-20. 24 Ibidem. 25 Paul Ivan, op. cît., p. 109. 26 Human Rights în Belarus, Avilable at http://www.hrw.org/europecentral-asia/belarus (accessed on 12.05.2015). 27 Răzvan Iorga, Parteneriatul Estic: un semi-esec sau un semi-castig? Kardiniz-press, 2013, http://karadeniz-press.ro/kara/partene riatul-estic-un-semi-esec-sau-un-semi-castig-al-ue/ (accessed on 12.05.2015). 28 Ibidem. 29 Overview of corruption and anti-corruption în Armenia, Transparency Internațional Report, 2013
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cît., p. 109. 26 Human Rights în Belarus, Avilable at http://www.hrw.org/europecentral-asia/belarus (accessed on 12.05.2015). 27 Răzvan Iorga, Parteneriatul Estic: un semi-esec sau un semi-castig? Kardiniz-press, 2013, http://karadeniz-press.ro/kara/partene riatul-estic-un-semi-esec-sau-un-semi-castig-al-ue/ (accessed on 12.05.2015). 28 Ibidem. 29 Overview of corruption and anti-corruption în Armenia, Transparency Internațional Report, 2013, http://www.transparency.org/whatwedo/answer/overview of corruption and anti corruption in armenia (accessed on 13.05.2015). 30 Michael Cecire, Azerbaijan-Armenia Tensions: Regional Risks, Policy Challenges, World Politics
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un semi-esec sau un semi-castig? Kardiniz-press, 2013, http://karadeniz-press.ro/kara/partene riatul-estic-un-semi-esec-sau-un-semi-castig-al-ue/ (accessed on 12.05.2015). 28 Ibidem. 29 Overview of corruption and anti-corruption în Armenia, Transparency Internațional Report, 2013, http://www.transparency.org/whatwedo/answer/overview of corruption and anti corruption in armenia (accessed on 13.05.2015). 30 Michael Cecire, Azerbaijan-Armenia Tensions: Regional Risks, Policy Challenges, World Politics Review, 2012, p. 1, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/ articles/12046/azerbaijan-armenia-tensions-regional-risks-policy-challenges (accessed on 13.02.2015). 31 Ibidem. 32 Ibidem. 33 ENP Country Progress Report 2012
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Armenia, Transparency Internațional Report, 2013, http://www.transparency.org/whatwedo/answer/overview of corruption and anti corruption in armenia (accessed on 13.05.2015). 30 Michael Cecire, Azerbaijan-Armenia Tensions: Regional Risks, Policy Challenges, World Politics Review, 2012, p. 1, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/ articles/12046/azerbaijan-armenia-tensions-regional-risks-policy-challenges (accessed on 13.02.2015). 31 Ibidem. 32 Ibidem. 33 ENP Country Progress Report 2012 - Azerbaijan, European Commission, 2013, http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release MEMO-13-243 en.htm (accessed on 20.05.2015). 34 Eastern Partnership Community, Debating Ideas for the Partnership, http://www.easternpartnership
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Challenges, World Politics Review, 2012, p. 1, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/ articles/12046/azerbaijan-armenia-tensions-regional-risks-policy-challenges (accessed on 13.02.2015). 31 Ibidem. 32 Ibidem. 33 ENP Country Progress Report 2012 - Azerbaijan, European Commission, 2013, http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release MEMO-13-243 en.htm (accessed on 20.05.2015). 34 Eastern Partnership Community, Debating Ideas for the Partnership, http://www.easternpartnership.org/partner-states/azerbaijan (accessed on 23.05/2015). 35 Ibidem. 36 Freedom House Report, 2013 http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2013/georgia #.Uu ZGfmSwkQ (accessed
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Ibidem. 32 Ibidem. 33 ENP Country Progress Report 2012 - Azerbaijan, European Commission, 2013, http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release MEMO-13-243 en.htm (accessed on 20.05.2015). 34 Eastern Partnership Community, Debating Ideas for the Partnership, http://www.easternpartnership.org/partner-states/azerbaijan (accessed on 23.05/2015). 35 Ibidem. 36 Freedom House Report, 2013 http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2013/georgia #.Uu ZGfmSwkQ (accessed on 23.05.2015) 37 Eastern Partnership Community, Debating Ideas for the Partnership, http://www.easternpartnership.org/partner-states/georgia (accessed
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20.05.2015). 34 Eastern Partnership Community, Debating Ideas for the Partnership, http://www.easternpartnership.org/partner-states/azerbaijan (accessed on 23.05/2015). 35 Ibidem. 36 Freedom House Report, 2013 http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2013/georgia #.Uu ZGfmSwkQ (accessed on 23.05.2015) 37 Eastern Partnership Community, Debating Ideas for the Partnership, http://www.easternpartnership.org/partner-states/georgia (accessed on 23.05.2015). 38 Ibidem. 39 Vlad Mixich, Rusia pune embargo la importul de vinuri din Republică Moldova, Hotnews, 2013
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23.05/2015). 35 Ibidem. 36 Freedom House Report, 2013 http://www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2013/georgia #.Uu ZGfmSwkQ (accessed on 23.05.2015) 37 Eastern Partnership Community, Debating Ideas for the Partnership, http://www.easternpartnership.org/partner-states/georgia (accessed on 23.05.2015). 38 Ibidem. 39 Vlad Mixich, Rusia pune embargo la importul de vinuri din Republică Moldova, Hotnews, 2013, București http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-international-15552215-rusia-pune-embargo-importul-vinuri-din-moldova.htm (accessed on 12.04.2015). 40 Costin Ionescu, Rusia a început să expulzeze
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Ideas for the Partnership, http://www.easternpartnership.org/partner-states/georgia (accessed on 23.05.2015). 38 Ibidem. 39 Vlad Mixich, Rusia pune embargo la importul de vinuri din Republică Moldova, Hotnews, 2013, București http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-international-15552215-rusia-pune-embargo-importul-vinuri-din-moldova.htm (accessed on 12.04.2015). 40 Costin Ionescu, Rusia a început să expulzeze muncitorii moldoveni, Hotnews, 2013, București, http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-international-15650363-rusia-inceput-expulzeze-muncitorii-moldoveni.htm (accessed on 12.04.2015). 41 Mircea Ticudean, Embargoul asupra bunurilor ucrainiene că forma a presiunii ruse, Radio
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importul de vinuri din Republică Moldova, Hotnews, 2013, București http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-international-15552215-rusia-pune-embargo-importul-vinuri-din-moldova.htm (accessed on 12.04.2015). 40 Costin Ionescu, Rusia a început să expulzeze muncitorii moldoveni, Hotnews, 2013, București, http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-international-15650363-rusia-inceput-expulzeze-muncitorii-moldoveni.htm (accessed on 12.04.2015). 41 Mircea Ticudean, Embargoul asupra bunurilor ucrainiene că forma a presiunii ruse, Radio Europa Liberă, 2013, Chișinău , http://www.europalibera.org/content/ article/25077084.html (accessed on 13.04.2015). 42 Maxim Shipenkov, Armenia Joins Russia-Led Eurasian
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Hotnews, 2013, București, http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-international-15650363-rusia-inceput-expulzeze-muncitorii-moldoveni.htm (accessed on 12.04.2015). 41 Mircea Ticudean, Embargoul asupra bunurilor ucrainiene că forma a presiunii ruse, Radio Europa Liberă, 2013, Chișinău , http://www.europalibera.org/content/ article/25077084.html (accessed on 13.04.2015). 42 Maxim Shipenkov, Armenia Joins Russia-Led Eurasian Economic Union, Moscow Times, 2015, Moscow, http://www.themoscowtimes.com/business/article/armenia-joins-russia-led-eurasian-economic-union/514035.html (accessed on 12.04.2015). 43 Jeff Lovitt, Iskra Kirova European Integration Index 2014 for
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Europa Liberă, 2013, Chișinău , http://www.europalibera.org/content/ article/25077084.html (accessed on 13.04.2015). 42 Maxim Shipenkov, Armenia Joins Russia-Led Eurasian Economic Union, Moscow Times, 2015, Moscow, http://www.themoscowtimes.com/business/article/armenia-joins-russia-led-eurasian-economic-union/514035.html (accessed on 12.04.2015). 43 Jeff Lovitt, Iskra Kirova European Integration Index 2014 for Eastern Partnership Countries, Open Society Institute, 2014, p. 5 http://www.eap-index.eu/sites/default/files/EaP%20Index%202014.pdf (accessed on 14.05.2015) 44 Barry
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article/armenia-joins-russia-led-eurasian-economic-union/514035.html (accessed on 12.04.2015). 43 Jeff Lovitt, Iskra Kirova European Integration Index 2014 for Eastern Partnership Countries, Open Society Institute, 2014, p. 5 http://www.eap-index.eu/sites/default/files/EaP%20Index%202014.pdf (accessed on 14.05.2015) 44 Barry Buzan, Ole Waever op.cit., p. 49. 45 Paul Pryce, Ukraine's OSCE Chairmanship and the Transnistrian Conflict:A Breakthrough în the Making?, EGF, 2012, http://gpf-europe.com/context/publications/? id=17635 (accessed on 12.06
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pdf (accessed on 14.05.2015) 44 Barry Buzan, Ole Waever op.cit., p. 49. 45 Paul Pryce, Ukraine's OSCE Chairmanship and the Transnistrian Conflict:A Breakthrough în the Making?, EGF, 2012, http://gpf-europe.com/context/publications/? id=17635 (accessed on 12.06.2015). Bibliography BUZAN, Barry, WAEVER, Ole, Regions and Powers: The Structure of Internațional Security, Cambridge, 2013. BUZAN, Barry, WAEVER, Waever, and WILDE, Jaap, Security: A New Framework for Analysis, Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1997. GETMANCHUK, Getmanchuk, Ukraine and Moldova
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DW-Chisinau, 2013 http://www.dw.de/rogozin-a-dat-curs-la-chi%C5%9Fin%C4%83u-ofensivei-anti-vilnius/a-17062487 (accesat la 12.03.2015). CECIRE, Michael, Azerbaijan-Armenia Tensions: Regional Risks, Policy Challenges, World Politics Review, 2012, p. 1. http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/12046/azerbaijan-armenia-tensions-regional-risks-policy-challenges (accessed on 13.02.2015) DEPO, Bogdano, The Eastern Partnership two years on: Success or failure for the diversified ENP?, Civil Society Forum, 2011, p. 3 http://eap-csf.eu/en/news-events/articles-analytics/the-eastern-partnership-two-years-on-success-or-failure-for-the-diversified-enp/ (accessed on 12.04.2015). FRIEDMAN, George, The Russo-Georgian
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